| Year (Approx.) | Region | Event Name / Development | Key Figures / Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3500 BC | Mesopotamia (Sumer) | Invention of the Wheel | Unknown inventors; revolutionized transport & pottery. |
| 3500 BC | Mesopotamia (Uruk) | Proto-Cuneiform Writing Emerges | Used for accounting & trade records. |
| 3500 BC | Egypt | Early Hieroglyphs | Priests and scribes begin using symbolic writing. |
| 3500 BC | Indus Valley | Early Urban Settlements | Harappan culture begins shaping trade & farming. |
| 3400 BC | Mesopotamia (Uruk) | Rise of City-State of Uruk | Legendary King Gilgamesh (traditional dates later, ~2700 BC) is connected with Uruk’s glory. |
| 3300 BC | Mesopotamia | Cuneiform Writing Fully Developed | Earliest known true writing system. |
| 3300 BC | Egypt | Papyrus & Ink Usage | Scribes develop writing material. |
| 3200 BC | Egypt | Unification of Upper & Lower Egypt Begins | King Narmer (Menes) begins consolidation. |
| 3200 BC | Europe (Britain) | Early Stone Circles Constructed | Precursors to Stonehenge built. |
| 3100 BC | Egypt | First Dynasty of Egypt Founded | King Narmer (Menes) crowned as first Pharaoh. |
| 3100 BC | Mesopotamia (Ur, Uruk, Lagash) | Expansion of Sumerian City-States | Kings and priest-rulers control trade & irrigation. |
| 3100 BC | Egypt | Narmer Palette Created | Stone carving commemorating Narmer’s unification of Egypt. |
| 3000 BC | Indus Valley (Harappa & Mohenjo-Daro) | Mature Harappan Phase Begins | Large planned cities, drainage systems, standardized weights. |
| 3000 BC | China (Longshan Culture) | Neolithic Villages Flourish | Early silk weaving, black pottery culture. |
| 3000 BC | Europe | Megalithic Monuments Spread | Widespread stone structures for rituals. |
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